Energy Storage Systems Peak power required in hybrid vehicles is met by devices like batteries, capacitors or a flywheel.
#FLYWHEEL FOR PARALLEL HYBRID VEHICLE SERIES#
To convert the mechanical power into electrical power when used in a series hybrid. Spark Ignition Engine, Compression Ignition Engines, Fuel Cells The APU can consist of a mechanical type engine or a fuel cell. Auxiliary Power Units Supplies the baseline power required to the vehicle, recharges the batteries and powers accessories such as the air conditioner and heater. Direct Current Motors, Alternating Current Motors The two possible configurations of electric drive motors in a hybrid vehicle single electric motor connected to the wheels through a drive train and multiple electric motors, one located at each wheel. To provide the power for propulsion converts electric energy to mechanical energy (motion) to drive the hybrid vehicle. Since the APU is not directly connected to the drive train, it can be run at its optimal operating condition hence, fuel economy is increased and emissions are reduced relative to a pure IC engine vehicle.ġ0 components of HEV Electric drive motors APU never directly powers the vehicleĩ Series (contd.) The length of time the APU is on depends on the size of the batteries and the APU itself. The APU operates until the batteries are charged to a predetermined level. At that point the APU turns on and begins recharging the battery.
#FLYWHEEL FOR PARALLEL HYBRID VEHICLE GENERATOR#
The batteries also provide additional power to the drive train when the APU is not producing enough and also to power auxiliary systems such as the air conditioner and heater.Ĩ Series hybrid Similar to an electric vehicle with an on- board generator The vehicle runs on battery power like a pure electric vehicle until the batteries reach a predetermined discharged level. During periods of idle or low speeds, more power goes to the batteries than the drive train. Under acceleration, more power is allocated to the drive train than to the batteries. Both the engine and the electric motor can turn the transmission at the same time, and the transmission then turns the wheels.ħ Parallel(contd.) When the APU is off, the parallel hybrid runs like an electric vehicle When the APU is on, the controller divides energy between the drive train (propulsion) and the batteries (energy storage). Set of batteries that supplies power to an electric motor. Alternative power unit to supply the power required by the vehicle, to recharge the batteries, and to power accessories like the air conditioner and heater.Ģ009 Toyota Prius Hybrid 2009 Toyota Corolla Conventional 5.3 Lit/100 Km 10.5 Lit/100 Km About $780/year fuel savings Assume $1 /1L 15000km / year Invaluable benefit for environment Better fuel efficiency, up to %80 theoretically possible Less CO2 emission and pollution Lower maintenance 4 4 4ĥ Hybrid structure Two types of hybrid vehicle configurationsĦ parallel hybrid Fuel tank, which supplies gasoline to the engine. For example, a moped (a motorized pedal bike), diesel-electric hybrid locomotives Relies not only on batteries but also on an internal combustion engine which drives a generator to provide electricity and may also drive a wheel. A hybrid can achieve the cruising range and performance advantages of conventional vehicles with the low-noise, low-exhaust emissions, and energy independence benefits of electric vehicles Accordingly, the hybrid concept, where the alternative power unit is used as a second source of energy, is gaining acceptance and is overcoming some of the problems of pure electric vehicles.Īny vehicle that combines 2 or more sources of power is said to be hybrid. 2 introduction A hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) augments an electric vehicle (EV) with a second source of power referred to as the alternative power unit (APU).
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